Synthetics including copper chelates, phosphorus and various vitamins and other minerals

Articles:	References, studies & scholarly papers:
Is it time to reconsider current guidelines for copper content in commercial dog foods?	On the bioavailability and absorption of natural / dietary copper from food
Dr. Sharon Center’s presentation to FDA on CAH associated with synthetic copper chelates (YouTube)	Hepatic copper concentrations in Labrador Retrievers with and without chronic hepatitis: 72 cases (1980–2010)
Veterinarians Say Many Commercial Dog Foods Are Slowly Killing Our Pets	EFSA Scientific Opinion on the safety of chelated minerals
2,000 percent increase	Multivitamin and multimineral dietary supplements: definitions, characterization, bioavailability, and drug interactions
Vitamania (the documentary)	Human plasma and tissue a-tocopherol concentrations in response to supplementation with deuterated natural and synthetic vitamin E1
Synthetic Multivitamin & Minerals VS the Microbiome, Metabolism, and Mother Earth	Folic acid fortification and public health: Report on threshold doses above which unmetabolised folic acid appear in serum
Living Blue Planet Report	Health benefits of fruit and vegetables are from additive and synergistic combinations of phytochemicals
The Status of Fishery Resources	A Randomized Pilot Trial to Evaluate the Bioavailability of Natural versus Synthetic Vitamin B Complexes in Healthy Humans and Their Effects on Homocysteine, Oxidative Stress, and Antioxidant Levels
	Multivitamin and multimineral dietary supplements: definitions, characterization, bioavailability, and drug interactions
	The Source Matters–Effects of High Phosphate Intake from Eight Different Sources in Dogs
	Not all forms of dietary phosphorus are equal (full text study)
	Effects of the long-term feeding of diets enriched with inorganic phosphorus on the adult feline kidney and phosphorus metabolism (full text)
	Organic and inorganic dietary phosphorus and its management in chronic kidney disease
	Understanding source of phosphorus in the treatment of patients with chronic kidney disease
	Bioavailability of dietary minerals (and how dietary phytates from grains, beans, legumes affect absorption)
	International Zinc Nutrition Consultative Group (IZiNCG) Technical Document #1 Assessment of the Risk of Zinc Deficiency in Populations and Options for Its Control
	Zinc in Dog Nutrition Health and Disease
	Challenges in Developing Nutrient Guidelines for Companion Animals
	"Studies of humans and various farm animals all show that natural forms of Vitamin E are absorbed and utilized twice as efficiently as its synthetic form in dietary supplements."  Feeding Dogs by Dr. Conor Brady pg 187. Vitamin E isn't helpful and may be harmful.
	Stability of essential nutrients in pet food manufacturing and storage
	Vitamin losses: Retention during heat treatment and continual changes expressed by mathematical models
	A chronological summary of class I and II pet food recalls involving chemical adulteration in the USA between 1996 and 2008
	Role of Vitamin D in the Metabolic Syndrome.
	Bioavailability of Different Vitamin D Oral Supplements in Laboratory Animal Model
	Factors influencing the absorption of Vitamin D in the GIT
	The effect of diet on serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in dogs
	Revolution of vitamin E production by starting from microbial fermented farnesene to isophytol
	Differential metabolism of choline supplements in adult volunteers
	Trimethylamine N-Oxide: The Good, the Bad and the Unknown
	Dietary Additives and Supplements Revisited: The Fewer, the Safer for Liver and Gut Health
	Role of dietary antioxidants to protect against DNA damage in adult dogs

Glyphosate and other agricultural chemicals

Articles and resources	References, studies & scholarly papers:
Chronic Disease, Glyphosate and Pet Food	Glyphosate: US EPA's Response to Comments, Usage, and Benefits
HRI - lab to test glyphosate in urine	Analysis on the ingredients used in pet food (to cross reference to glyphosate crop application data).
Glyphosate Considerations by Dr. Erin Bannink	Glyphosate's Suppression of Cytochrome P450 Enzymes and Amino Acid Biosynthesis by the Gut Microbiome: Pathway's to Modern Diseases
New study finds glyphosate-related alterations in gut microbiome	Separating the Empirical Wheat From the Pseudoscientific Chaff: A Critical Review of the Literature Surrounding Glyphosate, Dysbiosis and Wheat-Sensitivity
	Genetically engineered crops, glyphosate and the deterioration of health in the United States of America
Various articles and whistle blower testimony on a pattern of improper use of phosphine gas at a major pet food plant.	Multiomics reveal non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in rats following chronic exposure to an ultra-low dose of Roundup herbicide
	Use of Shotgun Metagenomics and Metabolomics to Evaluate the Impact of Glyphosate or Roundup MON 52276 on the Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolome of Sprague-Dawley Rats
	Low-dose glyphosate exposure alters gut microbiota composition and modulates gut homeostasis

Aflatoxin, glycoalkaloids, endotoxins, other hazardous microbiologic contamination and the use of diseased / destroyed animals as rendered ingredients in pet food

Articles and resources	References, studies & scholarly papers:
The Future of Aflatoxin in U.S. Corn	Aflatoxins: A Global Concern for Food Safety, Human Health, and Their Management
What Do 10 Years of Pet Food Recalls Tell Us?	Aflatoxin in Pet foods: A Risk to Special Consumers
The categories, styles, legal requirements and recall data of commercial pet food in the United States.	Analysis on the ingredients used in pet food (to cross reference to known reservoirs of natural toxins).
FDA Searchable Database of Recalls, Market Withdrawals, and Safety Alerts	iFeeder Report of all pet and livestock feeds (see pet food report for more detailed analysis.)
Feeding Dogs. Dry or Raw? The Science Behind the Debate by Dr. Conor Brady (available on Amazon)	Consumer Funded Pet Food Test Results
Salmonella outbreak tied to dry dog food continues. ABC News (published online)	US CDC. Multistate outbreak of human Salmonella infantis infections linked to dry dog food (Final Update)
	Human Salmonella infections linked to contaminated dry dog and cat food.
	Salmonella Montevideo outbreak in military kennel dogs caused by contaminated commercial feed, which was only recognized through monitoring
The hidden danger of endotoxins in animal production	Endotoxins and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Are endotoxins behind your low livestock productivity?	Endotoxin Producers Overgrowing in Human Gut Microbiota as the Causative Agents for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Endotoxins - The Hidden Toxin Damaging Your Pet's Gut and Making Her Fat	The impact of metabolic endotoxaemia on the browning process in human adipocytes
Rendered Products In Pet Food	The Importance of Food for Endotoxemia and an Inflammatory Response
Multiple articles on pentobarbital in pet food	Glycoalkaloids: Solanine and Chaconine
Lawsuit Testing Finds Dog DNA In Dog Food	Potato glycoalkaloids: Some unanswered questions
Dog DNA Found In Two Dog Foods	Glycoalkaloid Content in Pet Food by UPLC-Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Stench of carcasses and spoiled meat has long plagued Southeast L.A. Here's how that'll change	Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment
Is a Natural Toxin in Your Dog's Bowl Fueling Chronic Disease?	A Review of Occurrence of Glycoalkaloids in Potato and Potato Products
WHO's list of natural toxins	A chronological summary of class I and II pet food recalls involving chemical adulteration in the USA between 1996 and 2008

Imbalanced macronutrients, pet food industry ingredient analysis, nutritional evaluations of ultra-processed commercial feeds

Pet Food Production and Ingredient Analysis

Animal Feed/Food Consumption and COVID-19 Impact Analysis

Grains: What's the big deal? -- by Dr. Erin Bannink

Dietary soybean protein decreases plasma taurine in cats

Discrepancy between the composition of some commercial cat foods and their package labelling and suitability for meeting nutritional requirements

Evaluation of the chemical composition of dry dog foods commercialized in Chile used for growing dogs

Mineral analysis of complete dog and cat foods in the UK and compliance with European guidelines

Stability of Vitamins During Extrusion [and after in storage of pet feeds]

Advanced Glycation End Products (i.e. AGEs or Glycotoxins)

Articles and resources	Research, studies and scholarly papers
The Rage of AGE (Advanced Glycation End Products) and Your Pet's Fight Against It.	Acrylamide Formed at Physiological Temperature as a Result of Asparagine Oxidation
Acrylamide and Cancer Risk by the National Cancer Institute	Quantitation of Maillard Reaction Products in Commercially Available Pet Foods
	Acrylamide in Dog Food
	Acrylamide and HMF: A review on metabolism, toxicity, occurrence in food, and mitigation strategies
	Advanced glycoxidation and lipoxidation end products (AGEs and ALEs): an overview of their mechanisms of formation
	The Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products Activates the AIM2 Inflammasome in Acute Pancreatitis
	HMF in Petfood
	Determination of acrylamide in dry feedstuff for dogs and cats
	Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE) and Diabetes: Cause, Effect, or Both?
	Endogenous advanced glycation end products in pancreatic islets after short-term carbohydrate intervention in obese, diabetes-prone mice
	Serum levels of advanced glycation end products and their receptors sRAGE and Galectin-3 in chronic pancreatitis
	Acrylamide: its metabolism, developmental and reproductive effects, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity
	Maillard reaction products in purified diets induce taurine depletion in cats which is reversed by antibiotics

Studies comparing animals fed ultra-processed pet foods (kibble and canned) to those fed raw or minimally-processed meat based diets

Standardized amino acid digestibility and nitrogen-corrected true metabolizable energy of frozen raw, freeze-dried raw, fresh, and extruded dog foods using precision-fed cecectomized and conventional rooster assays

Raw meat based diet influences faecal microbiome and end products of fermentation in healthy dogs

The re­la­tion­ships between en­vir­on­ment, diet, tran­scrip­tome and atopic dermatitis in dogs

In­flu­ence of nu­tri­tion at young age on can­ine hip dys­plasia in Ger­man shep­herd dogs: a case-con­trol study from Fin­land

Raw Meat-Based Di­ets in Dogs and Cats

Apparent total-tract macronutrient digestibility, serum chemistry, urinalysis, and fecal characteristics, metabolites and microbiota of adult dogs fed extruded, mildly cooked, and raw diets

Pop­u­la­tion Ge­net­ics and An­ti­mi­cro­bial Sus­cept­ib­il­ity of Can­ine Cam­py­lob­ac­ter Isol­ates Col­lec­ted be­fore and after a Raw Feed­ing Ex­per­i­ment

Diet at young age and can­ine atopy/​al­lergy (type) disease

Nutritional factors and neoplasia in dogs: a data association study on the role of early age diet

Low Number of Owner-Reported Suspected Transmission of Foodborne Pathogens From Raw Meat-Based Diets Fed to Dogs and/or Cats

Blood bio­chem­istry and haemat­o­logy pro­files between raw and dry food diet fed Stafford­shire bull ter­ri­ers